Бидний тухай
Багш ажилтан
This study explores the financial effects of decentralized management using the Amoeba model in three regional development sectors: agriculture, mineral resources, and tourism-related services. Using firm-level panel data from 2013 to 2023, a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach is applied to compare changes in Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) for adopting firms against matched non-adopting counterparts. The findings reveal consistently positive treatment effects. Firms in milk production, steel manufacturing, and air transportation showed improved or more stable financial outcomes following Amoeba adoption. The air transportation sector, in particular, demonstrated resilience during downturns. Robustness checks using three-year averages confirm these results. The study offers empirical support for the performance benefits of Amoeba-based decentralization and contributes to management innovation literature, highlighting its relevance for organizational reform in emerging markets.
This study investigates the financial impact of Amoeba management, a decentralized organizational model emphasizing internal accountability and profit-based autonomy, on firms operating in diverse industries across China. Using panel data from 2010 to 2023 and applying a Difference-in-Differences (DID) framework, we compare changes in both Return on Assets and Return on Equity between firms that adopted the Amoeba model and comparable non-adopting firms. The analysis reveals that seven out of eight industry pairs exhibited positive treatment effects, with particularly strong improvements observed in production-intensive sectors such as dairy, steel, beverage, and heavy machinery manufacturing. To ensure robustness, we also compute DID estimates using three-year averages before and after adoption, which confirm the main findings. Results vary across industries, with one sector (e-commerce) showing a negative effect and several others indicating that Amoeba adoption may help mitigate losses during challenging periods. While the study does not include firm-level control variables, it provides empirical evidence that Amoeba-based decentralization may enhance short- to medium-term financial performance when effectively implemented.
This study investigates the impact of human capital on financial performance using financial statement data from Mongolia's Ministry of Finance E-balance system spanning 2013 to 2022. Utilizing a robust dataset of 210,950 firm-year observations and employing both fixed effects and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) models, we find that human capital investments, as measured by the human capital ratio, significantly enhance financial performance, measured by Tobin's Q. Our results indicate that firms investing more in employee wages, social insurance, and training relative to their sales exhibit higher market valuations. Additionally, firm size, leverage, cash holdings, tangible assets, growth, and liquidity are significant determinants of financial performance. The findings underscore the strategic importance of human capital in achieving superior firm outcomes, providing valuable insights for managers and policymakers aiming to enhance organizational performance through effective human resource practices.
This study investigates the impact of human capital on financial performance using financial statement data from Mongolia's Ministry of Finance E-balance system spanning 2013 to 2022. Utilizing a robust dataset of 210,950 firm-year observations and employing both fixed effects and System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) models, we find that human capital investments, as measured by the human capital ratio, significantly enhance financial performance, measured by Tobin's Q. Our results indicate that firms investing more in employee wages, social insurance, and training relative to their sales exhibit higher market valuations. Additionally, firm size, leverage, cash holdings, tangible assets, growth, and liquidity are significant determinants of financial performance. The findings underscore the strategic importance of human capital in achieving superior firm outcomes, providing valuable insights for managers and policymakers aiming to enhance organizational performance through effective human resource practices.
Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаараа Монгол улсад үйл ажиллагаа явуулж байгаа аж ахуйн нэгж, байгууллагуудын татвараас зайлсхийх байдалд улсын гадаад өр хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг тодруулахыг зорьсон. Судалгааны түүвэрт 2013-2016 онуудад тасралтгүй үйл ажиллагаа явуулж санхүүгийн тайлангаа тогтмол илгээж байсан 15,571 аж ахуйн нэгж, байгууллагын 62,282 санхүүгийн тайлангийн мэдээлэл, мөн хугацааны Монгол улсын гадаад өрийн мэдээллүүд тус тус ашиглагдсан. Тооцооллын үр дүнд улсын гадаад өрийн нийт хэмжээ, улсын болон хувийн секторын гадаад өрийн нийт хэмжээ болон урт хугацаатай өрийн хэмжээ нь аж ахуйн нэгж, байгууллагуудын татвараас зайлсхийх байдалд сөрөг нөлөөтэй бол богино хугацаатай гадаад өрийн хэмжээ эерэг нөлөөлтэй болох нь тогтоогдсон. Дээрх үр дүнд салбарын нөлөөлөл байгаа эсэхийг тодруулах зорилгоор тооцооллыг давтаж үзэхэд уул уурхайгаас бусад салбарын хувьд ялгаатай байдлаар нөлөөлж буй үр дүн гарлаа.
In this paper, we investigate the impact of anti-corruption efforts on tax avoidance, which has not been considered in Mongolia. Our prior study aimed to reveal corporate tax avoidance within our country. The findings indicated that over half of all sample entities engage in tax avoidance, both in the short and long term. Building upon this empirical evidence, we have proceeded with further research in this area. To achieve this, we analyze the number of corruption cases that were successfully resolved in court, along with the reimbursements made to the government. Based on our analysis, we propose that these resolved cases and reimbursements are likely to impact corporate tax avoidance. Here, we employ GAAP ETR measurement method by Dyreng to detect tax avoidance in entities, supplemented by the CASH ETR for additional analysis. Using panel data consisting of 106,286 firm-year observations, encompassing 15,184 distinct entities across the years 2013-2019, we find that there is a significant and negative relationship between anti-corruption efforts and tax avoidance. In conducting robustness checks on the main findings, we vary the estimation method and dependent variable by applying the CASH ETR. The results of these additional analyses consistently support the main findings, confirming their robustness.
In this study, we investigate the effect of governance quality on tax avoidance in entities. In our prior study(Enkh-Amgalan & Batbayar, 2022), we aimed to detect tax avoidance in all operating entities in Mongolia by employing the long-run cash effective tax rate(CASH ETR) developed by Dyreng, Hanlon, & Maydew(2008). The findings indicated that more than 80 percent of the sample entities consistently avoided taxes for the long-term regardless of their size and location. Thus, this study aims to examine the factors that affect the activity. To detect tax avoidance in entities, we apply effective tax rate measurements (GAAP ETR or CASH ETR) by Dyreng, Hanlon, & Maydew(2010). To do so, we exercise the two-stage least square and general method of moments regression models. Using panel data of 18,408 firm-year observations, corresponding to 3,068 unique entities covering the consecutive years of 2013-2019, we find a significant and negative relationship between governance quality and tax avoidance. For the robustness checks, we alter the estimation methods. The findings of the additional analyses are all robust to the main results.
This study aims to detect tax avoidance in all operating entities in our country by employing a long-run cash effective tax rate measurement developed by Dyreng et al. (2008). Using panel data of 18,408 firm year observations, covering the consecutive years of 2013-2019, we find that more than 75 percent of our sample entities avoid taxes for the long term regardless of their size and location. We also run the test to see whether there is any difference between the sectors. The results of the sectors reveal that roughly 90 percent of the sample entities avoid taxes for the long run, except for the Mining and Manufacturing. To check the robustness of the tests, we alter the model as the GAAP effective tax rate. The findings are all robust to the main results.
Abstract. In this study, we investigate the effect of governance quality on tax avoidance in entities. Our prior study aimed to detect tax avoidance in all operating entities in our country employing long-run cash effective tax rate (CASH ETR) developed by Dyreng et al. (2008). The findings indicated that more than 50 percent of the sample consistently avoid taxes for the long term regardless of their size, location, and area. Thus, this study aims to examine the factors that affect the activity. To detect tax avoidance in entities, we apply effective tax rate measurements (GAAP ETR or CASH ETR) by Dyreng et al. (2010). Using panel data of 18,342 firm-year observations, corresponding 3,057 unique entities covering the consecutive years of 2013-2019, we find that there is a significant and negative relationship between governance quality and tax avoidance. For the robustness checks, we alter estimation methods. The findings of the additional analyses are all robust to the main results.
Бид татвараас зайлсхийх байдалд нөлөөлж буй хүчин зүйлсийг аж ахуйн нэгж, байгууллагуудын санхүүгийн тайлангийн мэдээлэлд үндэслэн тодорхойлох, тэдгээрийн нөлөөллийг тооцоолж салбар хоорондын харьцуулалт хийхийг зорьсон. Судалгааны түүвэрт 2013-2019 оны хооронд үйл ажиллагаа явуулж байсан 77,515 аж ахуйн нэгжээс загварын шалгуурын дагуу 15,184 аж ахуйн нэгжийн 106,288 санхүүгийн тайлангийн мэдээлэл сонгогдож үлдсэн. Үндсэн үр дүн аж ахуйн нэгжийн хэмжээ болон мөнгөн хөрөнгө нэмэгдэх тусам татвараас зайлсхийх байдал буурдаг, харин хөшүүрэг болон капиталжилт нэмэгдэх тусам татвараас зайлсхийх байдал нэмэгддэг болохыг харуулсан. Салбар хоорондын харьцуулалтын үр дүнд нийт 19 салбараас 17 салбарт үйл ажиллагаа явуулж буй аж ахуйн нэгжүүдийн татвараас зайлхийж буй байдалд дээрх хүчин зүйлүүд эерэг болон сөрөг нөлөөтэй байсан.
In this paper, we investigate the effect of corruption on tax avoidance, which has not been considered empirically yet in Mongolia. Our prior study aimed to detect tax avoidance in all operating entities in our country employing long-run cash effective tax rate (CASH ETR) developed by Dyreng et al. (2008). The findings indicated that more than 90 percent of the sample consistently avoid taxes for the long term regardless of their size, location, and area. Thus, this study aims to examine the factors that affect the activity. To detect tax avoidance in entities, we apply GAAP ETR measurement (Dyreng et al., 2010). Using panel data of 18,360 firm-year observations, corresponding 3,060 unique entities covering the consecutive years of 2013-2019, we find that there is significant and positive relationship between tax avoidance and corruption. For the robustness checks, we alter the dependent and independent variables, and estimation method. The outcomes of the additional analyses are all robust to the main results.
Бид Dyreng (2008) нарын боловсруулсан татварын үр ашигтай хувь хэмжээний загвар ашиглан манай улсад үйл ажиллагаа явуулж буй бүх аж ахуйн нэгжүүдийн татвараас зайлсхийж буй эсэхийг илрүүлэхийг зорьсон. Судалгааны түүвэрт 2013 оны байдлаар үйл ажиллагаа явуулж байсан нийт 47,557 аж ахуйн нэгжээс загварын шалгуурын дагуу 2013-2019 оны хооронд тасралтгүй үйл ажиллагаа явуулж, татвар төлсөн 2,853 аж ахуйн нэгж сонгогдсон. Тооцооллын үр дүнд аж ахуйн нэгжийн хэмжээ, байршил, бүс нутгийн ялгаанаас үл хамаарч эдгээр аж ахуйн нэгжүүдийн 90-ээс дээш хувь нь татвараас тогтвортой зайлсхийж буй нь харагдсан.
Бид Dyreng (2008) нарын боловсруулсан татварын үр ашигтай хувь хэмжээний загвар ашиглан манай улсад үйл ажиллагаа явуулж буй бүх аж ахуйн нэгжүүдийн татвараас зайлсхийж буй эсэхийг илрүүлэхийг зорьсон. Судалгааны түүвэрт 2013 оны байдлаар үйл ажиллагаа явуулж байсан нийт 47,557 аж ахуйн нэгжээс загварын шалгуурын дагуу 2013-2019 оны хооронд тасралтгүй үйл ажиллагаа явуулж, татвар төлсөн 2,853 аж ахуйн нэгж сонгогдсон. Тооцооллын үр дүнд аж ахуйн нэгжийн хэмжээ, байршил, бүс нутгийн ялгаанаас үл хамаарч эдгээр аж ахуйн нэгжүүдийн 90-ээс дээш хувь нь татвараас тогтвортой зайлсхийж буй нь харагдсан.
