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In today’s competitive environment, effective leadership requires quickly adapting to situations, listening to and respecting others' opinions, incorporating them into one’s actions, collaborating with others, and involving them in decision-making, rather than simply managing and controlling. This study explores the connection between transformational leadership, employee engagement, and employee performance in the context of two private universities in Mongolia. Using a sample of 114 employees, the research investigates how transformational leadership influences employee performance, with employee engagement acting as a mediator. Data were collected through surveys, and structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships among the variables. The results confirm that transformational leadership positively impacts employee performance and engagement, with employee engagement mediating the relationship between leadership style and performance. The study’s findings indicate that fostering employee engagement through transformational leadership enhances both individual and organizational performance. Practical implications suggest that universities should prioritize leadership development programs focusing on transformational leadership qualities to improve employee performance. The research contributes to the growing literature on leadership and employee performance, highlighting the importance of leadership in creating a work environment that promotes engagement and, ultimately, improved productivity.
The term 'digital divide' is used to describe the inequality that exists in accessing and utilizing information and communication technologies (ICTs) to gain information and participate in the digital world. This digital divide is increasing due to the rapid pace of technological change, and is causing disparities in economic, social, and political development. Therefore, governments around the world are working to reduce this digital divide and promote the overall development of their citizens. To address this issue, many countries are implementing various initiatives to bridge the digital divide and create equal access to technology. These initiatives include policies and programs that aim to increase access to ICTs, improve digital literacy skills, and promote the development of digital infrastructure. By doing so, governments hope to create more opportunities for their citizens and help them fully participate in the digital world. Researchers have noted the importance of addressing the issue of the digital divide, which is a significant obstacle to achieving these goals. The current state of Mongolia's digital communication and the digital literacy of students in business schools has been analyzed, and recommendations along with the results of their research. Keywords: Information technology, digitalization, digital divide, digital nation, digital governance
Abstract. In today's world, where digital communication has become essential, governments are working to provide public services to everyone through the internet, increase business revenues, improve digital literacy, and increase the country's development potential. Researchers have noted the importance of addressing the issue of the digital divide, which is a significant obstacle to achieving these goals. The current state of Mongolia's digital communication and the digital literacy of students in business schools has been analyzed, and recommendations along with the results of their research. Keywords: Information technology, digitalization, digital divide, digital nation, digital governance
