Дэлгэрэнгүй мэдээлэл

Энэ судалгааг сургуулийн орчин дахь жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголт сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг Улаанбаатар хот, Говь-Алтай аймгийн улсын, хувийн, олон улсын сургуулиудын хүрээнд феминист огтлолцлын үүднээс шинжлэхийг зорьсон. Чанарын судалгааны фокус бүлгийн болон ганцаарчилсан ярилцлагын аргаар өгөгдөл, амьдралын туршлагын мэдээлэл цуглуулж, дүн шинжилгээг MAXQDA-2022 программ ашиглан хийсэн. Судалгаанд 9-12 ангийн 58 сурагч, 11 асран хамгаалагч, эх, эцэг, багш, нийгмийн ажилтан, бодлого хэрэгжүүлэгч, төрийн бус байгууллагын төлөөлөл хамрагдсан. Сургуулийн орчинд сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод нөлөөлж буй гол хүчин зүйлсийн эхэнд багш нарын заах арга барил, харилцаа, жендэрийн хэвшмэл хандлага багтаж байна. Гэр бүл, нийгэм дэх жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголт сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод нөлөөлж байна. Төвөөс алслагдах тусам сурагчдын сонгох мэргэжлийн төрөл цөөн байж сумын сурагчид хотын сурагчдаас 3 дахин цөөн төрлийн мэргэжлээс сонголт хийж байна. Зарим охид өндөр орлоготой, эрх мэдэл бүхий ажил мэргэжил сонирхох, эсхүл жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголтыг сөрж мэргэжил сонгож буй байдал ажиглагдсан. Күийр сурагчид сургуулийн орчинд багш нар болон тогтолцооноос үүдсэн ялгаврлал, бэрхшээлтэй тулгарч байгаа нь мэргэжил сонгох хүртлээ суралцах эрхээ эдлэхэд нь саад болж байгаа ч зарим сургуулийн багш удирдлагууд күийр сурагчдад ялгаварлал багатай орчныг бүрдүүлж чадаж байна. Күийр сурагчдад тулгарч буй нийгмийн ялгаварлал нь тэдний заримыг нийгмийн энэ асуудлыг бууруулахад чиглэсэн мэргэжил рүү чиглүүлж байна. Иймд дунд сургуулийн хичээлийн агуулгад мэргэжил сонголтын хичээлийг сэргээх, багш, нийгмийн ажилчид, эцэг эхчүүд, асран хамгаалагчдыг мэргэжлийн нарийвчилсан мэдлэг, мэдээлэлтэй болгоход анхаарах, тэдний жендэрийн хэвшмэл хандлагыг бууруулахад чиглэсэн үйл ажиллагаа төлөвлөн хэрэгжүүлэх шаардлагатай байна.

Говь- Алтай аймаг нь уул, тал, хөндий, уужим, тавиун хотгор, хонхор хосолсон газрын гадаргуутай. Аймгийн нутаг дэвсгэр нь газрын дүрс мужлалын хувьд алтайн уулархаг их муж, Говийн их мужид хамаарах бөгөөд байгалийн бүс, бүслүүрийн хувьд гол төлөв говь, цөлийн бүсэд оршино. Мөн бага хэмжээгээр хээр тал болон өндөр уулсын босоо буюу тагийн бүслүүр тархсан байдаг. Говь- Алтай аймгийн аялал жуулчлалын бүсчлэлийг Говь-Алтай аймгийн зүүн, зүүн хойд бүсийн аяллын бүтээгдэхүүн үйлчилгээ (Баян-Уул, Хөхморьт, Жаргалан, Тайшир, Дэлгэр), Говь-Алтай аймгийн баруун, баруун хойд бүсийн аяллын бүтээгдэхүүн үйлчилгээ (Дарви, Тонхил, Бугат, Алтай, Төгрөг, Шарга), Говь-Алтай аймгийн өмнөд бүсийн аяллын бүтээгдэхүүн үйлчилгээ (Бигэр, Чандмань, Эрдэнэ, Баянтоорой, Цогт, Цээл, Халиун, Есөнбулаг) гэсэн 3 бүсэд хуваагдана

Present study explored effects of gender stereotype on pupils’ professional choices in public, private and international school environment in the city of Ulaanbaatar and Govi-Altai province in Mongolia. Qualitative research design with individual and focus group semi-structured interview methods was applied. The study participants were enrolled using snowball sampling technique, consisted of 58 children between 9-12 grades, 11 other participants including parents, care takers, teachers, social workers, NGO representatives, and a government officer. Leading factors affecting children’s professional choices were teachers’ teaching methods, attitudes, and gender stereotypes. Also gender stereotypes in family environment appear to underpin social environment at schools which seem to affect children’s social interaction and professional choices. Further, gender stereotypes in family and social setting tend to affect children’s professional choices. Students in peripheral areas seem to choose 3 times less types of professions than urban students. Yet, some girls appear to challenge stereotypical gender norms and choose profession with high income and power. Some queer students tend to face various systematic discrimination and challenges from their teachers at schools which sometimes break their education rights until making professional choices. Yet, some teachers managed to create queer friendly environment with less hassle and discrimination. Social stigma associated with queer community seem to lead some queer students to choose profession that could contribute to minimise such social issues. In conclusion, there is a need of introducing a module that assist students to make decision on their profession. Teachers, parents, and care takers could improve their knowledge on the choices of profession and its variety.

Энэ судалгааг сургуулийн орчин дахь жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголт сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг Улаанбаатар хот, Говь-Алтай аймгийн улсын, хувийн, олон улсын сургуулиудын хүрээнд феминист огтлолцлын үүднээс шинжлэхийг зорьсон. Чанарын судалгааны фокус бүлгийн болон ганцаарчилсан ярилцлагын аргаар өгөгдөл, амьдралын туршлагын мэдээлэл цуглуулж, дүн шинжилгээг MAXQDA-2022 программ ашиглан хийсэн. Судалгаанд 9-12 ангийн 58 сурагч, 11 асран хамгаалагч, эх, эцэг, багш, нийгмийн ажилтан, бодлого хэрэгжүүлэгч, төрийн бус байгууллагын төлөөлөл хамрагдсан. Сургуулийн орчинд сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод нөлөөлж буй гол хүчин зүйлсийн эхэнд багш нарын заах арга барил, харилцаа, жендэрийн хэвшмэл хандлага багтаж байна. Гэр бүл, нийгэм дэх жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголт сурагчдын мэргэжил сонголтод нөлөөлж байна. Төвөөс алслагдах тусам сурагчдын сонгох мэргэжлийн төрөл цөөн байж сумын сурагчид хотын сурагчдаас 3 дахин цөөн төрлийн мэргэжлээс сонголт хийж байна. Зарим охид өндөр орлоготой, эрх мэдэл бүхий ажил мэргэжил сонирхох, эсхүл жендэрийн хэвшмэл ойлголтыг сөрж мэргэжил сонгож буй байдал ажиглагдсан. Күийр сурагчид сургуулийн орчинд багш нар болон тогтолцооноос үүдсэн ялгаврлал, бэрхшээлтэй тулгарч байгаа нь мэргэжил сонгох хүртлээ суралцах эрхээ эдлэхэд нь саад болж байгаа ч зарим сургуулийн багш удирдлагууд күийр сурагчдад ялгаварлал багатай орчныг бүрдүүлж чадаж байна. Күийр сурагчдад тулгарч буй нийгмийн ялгаварлал нь тэдний заримыг нийгмийн энэ асуудлыг бууруулахад чиглэсэн мэргэжил рүү чиглүүлж байна. Иймд дунд сургуулийн хичээлийн агуулгад мэргэжил сонголтын хичээлийг сэргээх, багш, нийгмийн ажилчид, эцэг эхчүүд, асран хамгаалагчдыг мэргэжлийн нарийвчилсан мэдлэг, мэдээлэлтэй болгоход анхаарах, тэдний жендэрийн хэвшмэл хандлагыг бууруулахад чиглэсэн үйл ажиллагаа төлөвлөн хэрэгжүүлэх шаардлагатай байна.

With the support of the PAGE Green Recovery Programme in Mongolia, the “Ger and Nature” scheme proposes promoting green jobs/decent work among tourism operators and local herding communities, with individual community groups serving as hosts to cultural and adventure tourists. The “ger” in “Ger and Nature” refers to the traditional circular tent dwellings used by nomadic herders in Mongolia, and which would be used to offer hospitality to both domestic and international tourists. This study presents an assessment of green jobs potential in Mongolia and an analysis of existing policy settings for supporting green jobs, using Ger and Nature tourism as a focal point. Study explored green job opportunities, gap/barriers in eco-tourism and reflected views of different partners on development standards via coordinating on inter-sectoral collaboration and integration of eco-tourism to other sectors. Planning and delivering training on eco-tourism development and eco-system restoration through eco-tourism reflecting all the stages of eco-tourism. On-sight training among grassroots people (19 herders including 10 women, 9 SMEs including 3 women) and on sight experiential tours (43 participants).

Mongolia has experienced remarkable transformation in recent decades, developing into a vibrant democracy while experiencing significant GDP per capita growth. However, Mongolia faces environmental challenges that include land degradation, air and water pollution, rising carbon dioxide emissions and declining biodiversity. To address these, Mongolia has made firm commitments to developing growth strategies with sustainability and social inclusion as key goals. Mongolia's alternative economic growth may rely on community- based eco- and cultural tourism, which seeks to empower rural herding communities as protectors of nomadic lifestyle and culture. Through PAGE's Ger and Nature scheme, tourism operators and herding communities collaborate on green jobs creation, with individual community groups serving as hosts to cultural and adventure tourists. These efforts aim both to bring economic benefit to local communities as well as to support sustainable tourism practices. This study presents an analysis of the current state and challenges associated with decent work practices for community-based ecotourism, with particular attention paid to Ger and Nature Tourism in rural Mongolia.

Монгол улсын шинжлэх ухааны хөгжилд оруулж буй МУИС-ийн хувь нэмэр өдрөөс өдөрт өргөжин тэлсээр байна. Улс орон хөгжин дэвжихийн тулгуур болох “чадварлаг ажиллах хүчин, судлаач мэргэжилтэн”-ийг бэлтгэх нь сургалтын байгууллагын үндсэн үүрэг юм. Энэ ч утгаараа нийгэм, эдийн засаг, улс орны хөгжлийн бодлогын хүрээнд шинэ салбарын судлаач мэргэжилтнийг бэлтгэх үйлсийн анхдагч нь МУИС билээ. Монгол улс 1990-ээд онд төлөвлөгөөт эдийн засгаас зах зээлийн эдийн засагт шилжиж, гадаад орнуудтай нээлттэй бодлого явуулснаар манай оронд аялал жуулчлалын бизнесийн салбар эрчимтэй хөгжих эхлэл тавигдаж аялал жуулчлалын мэргэжлийн боловсон хүчин бэлтгэх эрэлт хэрэгцээ бий болсон юм. Энэ ч утгаар 1993 онд МУИС нь монгол улсад аялал жуулчлалын мэргэжилтэн бэлтгэх анхны сургалтыг эхэлж байв. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд 1956 онд байгуулагдсан Газарзүйн тэнхимийн сургалт, судалгааны үндсэн хоёр чиглэлийн нэг болох нийгэм эдийн засгийн газарзүйн салбарт аялал жуулчлалын нээн эхлүүлснээс эдүгээ хүртэлх сургалт, эрдэм шинжилгээний ажлын хөгжлийн тоймыг нэгтгэн өгүүлэхийг хичээлээ. Тус өгүүлэлд цаг хугацааны дарааллаар тухайн салбарт үр бүтээлтэй ажиллаж байсан болон ажиллаж буй эрдэмтэн багш нарын сургалт, судалгааны бүтээлүүдэд тойм шинжилгээ хийв. Монгол орны газарзүй-аялал жуулчлалын судалгааны үр дүнгүүд нь улс орны нийгэм, эдийн засаг, байгаль орчин, аялал жуулчлалын салбарын хөгжилд тодорхой үр нөлөө, ач тусаа үзүүлсээр ирсэн байна. Түүхэн хугацаанд МУИС-ийн газарзүйн тэнхимийн аялал жуулчлалын хөтөлбөрт 10 гаруй эрдэмтэн, багш судлаачид ажиллан энэ чиглэлээр сургалт, судалгааг хийж дотоодын болоод олон улсын түвшний олон арван бүтээлийг туурвиад байна.

The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE) supports nations and regions in reframing economic policies and practices around sustainability to foster economic growth, create income and jobs, reduce poverty and inequality, and strengthen the ecological foundations of their economies. With the support of the PAGE Green Recovery Programme in Mongolia, the “Ger and Nature” scheme proposes promoting green jobs/decent work among tourism operators and local herding communities, with individual community groups serving as hosts to cultural and adventure tourists. This report discusses community-based eco and cultural tourism as a potential avenue of alternative economic growth within rural herding communities in Mongolia. The report presents an assessment of green jobs potential and an analysis of existing policy settings for supporting green jobs, using Ger and Nature tourism as a focal point. The assessment employs both qualitative and quantitative research methods, including desktop analysis, survey with guided questionnaire by national and provincial stakeholders, and validation through tripartite consultations. The assessment seeks to provide a practical tool for exploring green jobs opportunities in nature-based tourism in Mongolia, while identifying any gaps in the employment and decent work dimensions.

For the last 90 years, approximately 100 research magazines have been published in each scientific sector of Mongolia in the Mongolian, Russian and English languages. But there is not any published research which clarifies development trends of each sector involving a review and analysis in the scientific journal of any specific area or sector in Mongolia. I have undertaken a review and analysis of this research using a comparative analysis method. In this article, the research published in the journal of Geographic Issues over the last 20 years was compared. This involved the review of articles, the involvement of authors, the similarities and differences in the field of scientific content, and the development trends of research. This was all clarified.The results showed that except for Mongolian researchers, Russian, German, British, American and Japanese researchers published their articles in this journal. Within the period the research involved 168 researchers who participated as a first author and 400 researchers as other authors in the publication of a total of 359 articles in developing the journal of Geographical Issues. Regarding the scope, more than 10 articles were published in the areas of service geography, meteorology and climate science, land relations, urban geography, environmental science, hydrology, agricultural geography, recreational geography, remote sensing and geomorphological studies. Baseline study materials of physics and social geography, which are the main sectors of the geography, have comparatively been published rarely. The main trend of the magazine is inter-sectoral research work based on physical geography and socio-economic geography. It was a key principle of this magazine to publish this research by filtering them in an ethical and fair manner.

You will get a feel of Mongolia as your next holiday and travel destination during this session. Dr Amara Dorjsuren and Zanjan Fromer will deliver entraining and engaging talk about distant yet close country of Mongolia with their full heart to American public. Session will cover not only Mongolia’s stunning landscape, wildlife, culture and art, but also epic outdoor adventures to Mongolia’s frontier. There will also be opportunities to network with Mongolian tour operators. The session will conclude with mini art and culture session at Mongolian boot. Please join us!

Жуулчны зан төлөв буюу хүн аливаа шийдвэрийг хэрхэн гаргадаг нь зорих газрын тогтвортой хөгжилд хэрхэн хамаарч байгааг хэлэлцнэ. Ялангуяа дэлхийн дулаарал, хүлэмжийн хийн ялгаралд аялал жуулчлалын салбар хэрхэн нөлөөлж байгааг зан төлвийн судалгааны үүднээс илтгэнэ. Үүний хүрээнд Скандинавын орнууд аялал жуулчлалын салбараа хэрхэн хөгжүүлж буй нь тогтвортой аялал жуулчлалын жишээ болж байгааг харуулах болно.

This paper considers procedural justice and distributive justice as a means of examining equity in tourism development. The geographical focus of the paper is Mongolia - historically a unitary sovereign socialist state in East Asia that, in common with Central Asian republics and in contrast to other parts of the eastern sub-region of the Asian continent (China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan), has been shaped by Stalinist Soviet Union policies. This particular context is interesting not only in terms of consolidation of power, and economic, political and social transition, but also with respect to the nature of material wealth and livelihood options. Equity in tourism development in two rural Mongolian regions is explored with specific reference to the concepts of procedural justice and distributive justice. Drawing on political ecology and actor-oriented approaches, the paper considers equity from the perspectives of five actor groups: local grassroots, people in two geographical areas; private sector tourism operators; Government officials; International Development Organisations and academics; and NGOs. Three periods of fieldwork were conducted, providing qualitative interview data, complemented by non-participant observations, and secondary data. Framework analysis is applied as an analytic induction tool. Five emergent themes are discussed here relating to procedural (in)justice and distributive justice. Inequity was perceived to be rooted more strongly in the processes of tourism development rather than in the outcomes but the inter-related nature of process and outcome, linked to opportunities and capabilities, is noted (Sen, 1984; 1992; 1999).

Монголын аялал жуулчлал дахь тэгш байдал: процедурын ба хуваарилалтын шударга байдал

Activism against child sexual violence in Mongolia

Tourism and political boundaries has been in the attention of academics recently, however border itself attracts considerable interest in the past. Border areas are often the most favored regions for biodiversity, partially as a result of their geographical isolation or political factors impeding their development. Sharing natural areas between two countries includes not only sharing common natural and economic resources, but potential for regional tourism development. This paper examines the current development of border tourism between Russia and Mongolia, characteristics of border tourists from Russia to Mongolia and Mongolians tourists to Russia. Traditionally the border crossing between Mongolia and Russia had a restrict control and protection, which make it hard to crossing them. Borders determine the nature of the tourist space and its elements that will develop in frontier regions. In addition, borders compose spatial barriers for tourism development and movement. However, border often coincide with valuable natural landscapes, and significant historical and cultural attractions, that possess high tourism potentials. Cross border tourism provides the best opportunity to enhance the regions prosperity and security. This paper further studies elements of tourist patterns of border adjacent areas in Mongolia and current characteristics of the border tourists. The focus is on some of the most important challenges lying ahead in terms of developing and marketing cross border region between Russia and Mongolia as a destination.

Tourism and political boundaries has been in the attention of academics recently, however border itself attracts considerable interest in the past. Border areas are often the most favored regions for biodiversity, partially as a result of their geographical isolation or political factors impeding their development. Sharing natural areas between two countries includes not only sharing common natural and economic resources, but potential for regional tourism development. This paper examines the current development of border tourism between Russia and Mongolia, characteristics of border tourists from Russia to Mongolia and Mongolians tourists to Russia. Traditionally the border crossing between Mongolia and Russia had a restrict control and protection, which make it hard to crossing them. Borders determine the nature of the tourist space and its elements that will develop in frontier regions. In addition, borders compose spatial barriers for tourism development and movement. However, border often coincide with valuable natural landscapes, and significant historical and cultural attractions, that possess high tourism potentials. Cross border tourism provides the best opportunity to enhance the regions prosperity and security. This paper further studies elements of tourist patterns of border adjacent areas in Mongolia and current characteristics of the border tourists. The focus is on some of the most important challenges lying ahead in terms of developing and marketing cross border region between Russia and Mongolia as a destination

Tourism and political boundaries has been in the attention of academics recently, however border itself attracts considerable interest in the past. Border areas are often the most favored regions for biodiversity, partially as a result of their geographical isolation or political factors impeding their development. Sharing natural areas between two countries includes not only sharing common natural and economic resources, but potential for regional tourism development. This paper examines the current development of border tourism between Russia and Mongolia, characteristics of border tourists from Russia to Mongolia and Mongolians tourists to Russia. Traditionally the border crossing between Mongolia and Russia had a restrict control and protection, which make it hard to crossing them. Borders determine the nature of the tourist space and its elements that will develop in frontier regions. In addition, borders compose spatial barriers for tourism development and movement. However, border often coincide with valuable natural landscapes, and significant historical and cultural attractions, that possess high tourism potentials. Cross border tourism provides the best opportunity to enhance the regions prosperity and security. This paper further studies elements of tourist patterns of border adjacent areas in Mongolia and current characteristics of the border tourists. The focus is on some of the most important challenges lying ahead in terms of developing and marketing cross border region between Russia and Mongolia as a destination.

Tourism is widely recognised as a peace builder and promotes cultural and economic diplomacy as a part of public diplomacy between nations. Despite its importance there is a limited studies undertaken on relations between tourism and public diplomacy. The present paper explores tourism’s potentials and implications on relations between the UK and Mongolia based on secondary sources of information. The paper also attempts to examine tourism’s wider implications on promotion of culture, knowledge and economic opportunities in both countries. The study findings suggests tourism seem to have vital importance on strengthening ties between the UK and Mongolia. Thus, there is need of further studies on tourism’s role on diplomatic relations between the UK and Mongolia.

Аялал жуулчлал Монгол улсын эдийн засгийн хамгийн чухал салбаруудын нэг хэмээн тодорхойлогддог ч Монгол улсын хувьд аялал жуулчлалыг судалгаа, тооцоотойгоор хөгжүүлэх стратеги дутмаг байсаар ирсэн нь тус салбарыг байнгын бэрхшээлт байдалд байлгасаар байна. Монгол улс 1 сая жуулчин хүлээн авахаар төлөвлөж байгаач жуулчид ямар бүтээгдэхүүн, үйлчилгээг худалдаж авах, түүнийг хэрхэн шинээр буй болгох зэрэг нь шинжлэх ухааны үндэслэлтэй судалгаа шаардсаар байна. Жуулчид чухам юу үзэхийг хүсдэг, жуулчны сэтгэл ханамж хэрхэн буй болдог болохыг энэхүү өгүүлэлд тайлбарлаж, цайны замын аялал жуулчлалын бүтээгдэхүүн, үйлчилгээг хэрхэн дэглэх боломжын талаар өгүүллээ.

Abstract: In the recent years, international tourists have sought exotic and remote destinations for adventurous, physical, and spiritual relaxation. Recognizing the opportunity to earn economic value and foreign currency, the governments of developing countries have encouraged creating distinct tourism products based on their traditional and cultural heritage. This present study aims to review literature on economic corridor in relation to tourism across Mongolia in order to explore tourism resources, challenges and opportunities. The study further discusses Mongolia’s tourism development strategies in relation to Mongolia’s economic corridor and international tourism market trend. The paper introduces some recommendations for international tourism development opportunities along the economic corridor between Mongolia, China and Russia including environmental, economic, and cultural sustainability as well as product branding, planning, and market policy. In addition, the result purposes a new concept for tourism development in Mongolia, linking the nation’s nature and cultural attractions into a series of nature and cultural corridors designed to encourage visitors to explore the tourism resources outside the core tourism hub.

In the recent years, international tourists have sought exotic and remote destinations for adventurous, physical and spiritual relaxation. Recognizing the opportunity to earn economic value and foreign currency, the governments of developing countries have encouraged creating distinct tourism products based on their traditional and cultural heritage. This study aims to review literature on economic corridor in relation to tourism across Mongolia in order to explore tourism resources, challenges and opportunities. The study further discusses Mongolia's tourism development strategies in relation to Mongolia's economic corridor and international tourism market trend. The paper introduces some recommendations for international tourism development opportunities along the economic corridor between Mongolia, China and Russia including environmental, economic, and cultural sustainability as well as product branding, planning and market policy. In addition, the result purposes a new concept for tourism development in Mongolia, linking the nation's nature and cultural attractions into a series of nature and cultural corridors designed to encourage visitors to explore the tourism resources outside the core tourism hub.

In recent years, international tourists have sought exotic and remote destinations for adventure and physical and spiritual relaxation. Recognizing the opportunity to earn economic value and foreign currency, the governments of developing countries have encouraged creating a distinct tourism products based on their traditional cultural heritage. This paper explores the current tourism implications of ancient Tea Road in Mongolia which has a long and rich history of tea consuming, transporting and trading culture between its neighboring countries. The research describes the historical routes of ancient tea delivery process particularly in Central Asia and its cultural importance, economic value, regional identity, international tourism opportunities along the routes. Moreover, challenges and constraints of developing Tea Road tourism are discussed. Besides its important role in socio economic development and cultural heritage preservation, international tourism can be destructive force in its own right. The paper introduces some recommendations for international tourism development opportunities along the ancient Tea Road including environmental, economic, cultural sustainability, product branding, planning and market policy