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The present study analyzed collocations in a series of six English textbooks, used in public secondary schools in Mongolia from 5th -10th grades, addressing the distribution of total collocations, their repetition, and proportion of congruent and noncongruent collocations within and across the textbooks. Analysis of 335 different types of verb-noun collocations found in the textbook corpus of 35,685 running words showed (1) a fairly consistent increase in number of different types of collocations across the six textbooks, with an introduction of 60-70% of new collocations at different grades, (2) an insufficient repetition of collocations within and across the textbooks, with 85-90% of collocations occurred only one-to-two times in each textbook and 70% of all collocations occurred only once in one of the six textbooks, and (3) a 6:1 ratio of congruent and noncongruent collocations across the textbooks, suggesting that the collocations in the textbooks might be relatively simple to be learned implicitly from the readings and produced if the students know the meaning of the constituents. Implications for learning/teaching collocations and materials designing are discussed.
English has been increasingly used for global communication purposes, and educational systems in many countries have responded by prioritizing English language education over teaching and learning of other foreign languages. In Mongolia, the growing popularity of English resulted in the nationwide programmes on English Language Education that required skilled English language teachers to engage students in meaningful language learning opportunities. To date, no empirical studies on the impact of the new English language curriculum on Mongolian secondary teachers’ beliefs and practices have been reported in the literature. This study aims to address this gap by exploring secondary school teachers’ perceptions about the successes and challenges of teaching a global language in a local context. The findings suggest that Mongolian public school teachers face multiple challenges, including frequent curriculum and textbook changes, large class sizes, inadequate facilities and insufficient resources. At the same time, the findings of this study shed light on positive developments in the field of secondary EFL teaching in Mongolia. It is hoped that this study will inform policymakers and other stakeholders about on-the-ground understandings and implementation of educational reforms, as well as provide English teachers in similar contexts with strategies required to maintain effective EFL teaching practices.
Acquiring good speaking skills is challenging, problematic, and sometimes frustrating for most non-native English students while it's universally true that speaking has left far behind other language skills and needs more research and studies. This paper starts with bringing the problem into the light and proposed use of movies as a solution for the problem. Then it draws broader literature overview of using or not using movies in language classrooms, and finally suggests some important considerations for effective implementation of movies in the classroom.
This study aims to analyse obituaries in American and Mongolian newspapers in regard to structure, content, and death euphemisms, and to explore cultural values and changes across two cultures. Twenty obituaries were selected for analysis from The New York Times (American) and the Daily News (Mongolian) due to their national rankings and popularity. Results of the study show interesting cultural and linguistic insights and some changes. Despite some similarities, content and language of the obituaries in two cultures depict dramatic differences including heavy emphasis on family devotion, community involvement, personal interests and hobbies in American culture with dominant euphemisms that conceptualized death as a journey and joyful life whereas career devotion, prestige, and endeavours in Mongolian culture with euphemisms that conceptualized death as a loss and a rest. Due to the underlying differences in the nature of obituaries in both cultures, it is suggested that obituary in the US serves more as a formal medium of announcing someone’s death while Mongolian obituary serves more as a platform to pay tribute and express condolence on behalf of the people of the country.
