Бидний тухай
Багш ажилтан
ABSTRACT Altai soum of Khovd province is located in the southwestern part of Mongolia, between 91.55987-93.56261 degrees of east longitude and 44.85974-46.53978 degrees of north latitude, and occupies an area of 1314426 hectares at an altitude of 1060-3300 meters above sea level. 61.14% of the territory or 802958.31 hectares belongs to the state’s specially protected areas. As of 2024, it has 858 households with 3425 people and 242520 livestock. Most of the territory is covered by desert-like steppes and desert areas. Therefore, the number of open-flowing rivers and wells is small. Over the past 24 years, the air temperature has warmed by 4 degrees. It has a wide territory and extends from the Mongolian Altai Mountain range to the Western khuurai /meaning dry/ valley and further to the Khavtag Mountain range, creating many natural zones. Accordingly, it has many types of pastures. In terms of livestock population, Altai soum had a total of 83810 heads of livestock in 1970, but by the end of 2024, it had reached 242520 heads, an increase of 189% or 1.9 times. In 1970, the share of goat herds was 29% and the share of sheep herds was 57%, while in 2024, the share of goat herds was 52% and the share of sheep herds was 34% causing a dramatic change in the structure of the herd. The number of animals per 100 hectares of pasture has increased. In 2012, it was 15 in Bodonch, 8 in Altangadas, 7 in Barlag, and 115 in Takhilt, while in 2024, it was 45 in Bodonch, 20 in Altangadas, 25 in Barlag, and 831 in Takhilt, which is a three-fold increase in all baghs except Takhilt and a seven-fold increase in Takhilt. In terms of pasture capacity, the number of livestock has increased significantly and depends on the harvest of the year, but Takhilt, Barlag, and Bodonch baghs have exceeded the number by 1-3 times, while Altangadas bagh has exceeded the number by 1-3 and 3-5 times in poor harvest years, and in years with good harvests, there is sufficient pasture, and in years (2022) with very good harvests (8.5 c/he), there is a surplus of pasture. Livestock is raised using traditional grazing methods and it has a high-mountainous Gobi nomadic pattern. Though this soum has a vast territory, it varies between its baghs. Since more than 60 percent of the territory is covered by the state’s specially protected areas, winter and spring pastures are used under a tripartite contract. Water points and water supply are extremely scarce in the Gobi and desert regions and the land, which has water supplies, is heavily loaded. The carrying capacity of pastures is exceeded due to livestock growth and climate change, and even though they migrate, they migrate far (200 km each way). Due to poor water points and road connections, some areas are not used for pastures, and although there is a general pasture use plan, its implementation is insufficient and control is weak. According to a survey of more than 80 herders from the baghs and the survey analysis using thematic methods, the most common issues facing herders include government and local issues of policies and regulations such as pasture capacity exceeding the carrying capacity, poor crop yields, irregular migration, and increasing prices of livestock raw materials, sales, and increased water points.
Перманганатаар исэлдүүлсэн органик нүүрстөрөгчийг (POXC) хөрсний бусад хөдөлгөөнт фракцтай харилцан хамааралтай, нарийвчлал сайтай, практик ашиглаж болохуйц учир хөдөлгөөнт нүүрстөрөгчийг тодорхойлох стандарт арга болгон ашигладаг. Энэхүү судалгааны ажлын зорилго нь хөрсний хөдөлгөөнт нүүрстөрөгчийг газар ашиглалтын өөр хэлбэрүүдэд тодорхойлоход оршино. Судалгааны зорилгын хүрээнд нүүрстөрөгчийн менежментийн индекс (CMI) бодох зорилт тавьсан. CMI нь тухайн газар нутгийн хөрсний нүүрстөрөгчийн төлөв байдлыг үнэлдэг тоон үзүүлэлт бөгөөд PОXC шинжилгээний дүнгээс бодож гаргадаг. Судалгааны талбайгаар Увс аймгийн бөхмөрөн сумыг сонгон авсан. Хөрсний дээжийг голын татам, бэлчээр, ойгоос 0-20, 20-40 см гүнээс авч Газарзүй, геоэкологийн хүрээлэнгийн хөрсний лабораторид хөрсний физик, химийн шинж чанарыг стандарт аргуудаар, хөдөлгөөнт нүүрстөрөгчийг олон улсын аргаар тодорхойлсон. Хөрсний органик нүүрстөрөгч нь (SOC) нь нийт хөрсөнд 9.4-73.2 г/кг хооронд агуулагдаж, ойн хөрсөнд хамгийн их, бэлчээрийн хөрсөнд хамгийн бага байна. Бидний судалгаагаар POXC нь хөрсний SOC хэмжээтэй хүчтэй хамааралтай (R2=0.62) байсан.
This study investigates the glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) hazards in the Tsambagarav mountain range in Western Mongolia, focusing on the Khukhnuruu Valley and its interconnected proglacial lakes. Over the last 30 years, significant glacier retreats, driven by rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns, have led to the formation and expansion of several proglacial lakes. Fieldwork combined with satellite data and meteorological analysis was used to assess the dynamics of glacier and lake area changes, with particular focus on the flood events of July 2021. The research reveals a substantial reduction in glacier area, particularly in the Khukhnuruu E complex, where glacier area decreased by 19.3%. The study highlights the influence of increasing temperatures and summer precipitation, which have accelerated ice melt, contributing to the expansion and eventual breaching of lakes. Additionally, lake area changes were influenced by the steepness of the terrain, with steeper slopes exacerbating peak discharge during floods. Of the studied seven lakes (Lake 1 to Lake 7), Lake 1 experienced the most dramatic reduction, with a decrease in area by 73.51% and volume by 84.84%, followed by Lake 7. This study underscores the region’s vulnerability to climate-induced hazards and stresses the need for a comprehensive early warning system and disaster preparedness measures to mitigate future risks
This study investigates the glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) hazards in the Tsambagarav mountain range in Western Mongolia, focusing on the Khukhnuruu Valley and its interconnected proglacial lakes. Over the last 30 years, significant glacier retreats, driven by rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns, have led to the formation and expansion of several proglacial lakes. Fieldwork combined with satellite data and meteorological analysis was used to assess the dynamics of glacier and lake area changes, with particular focus on the flood events of July 2021. The research reveals a substantial reduction in glacier area, particularly in the Khukhnuruu E complex, where glacier area decreased by 19.3%. The study highlights the influence of increasing temperatures and summer precipitation, which have accelerated ice melt, contributing to the expansion and eventual breaching of lakes. Additionally, lake area changes were influenced by the steepness of the terrain, with steeper slopes exacerbating peak discharge during floods. Of the studied seven lakes (Lake 1 to Lake 7), Lake 1 experienced the most dramatic reduction, with a decrease in area by 73.51% and volume by 84.84%, followed by Lake 7. This study underscores the region’s vulnerability to climate-induced hazards and stresses the need for a comprehensive early warning system and disaster preparedness measures to mitigate future risks.
The present paper aims to determine the basic soil properties of forest soil in the Undurkhangai soum of Uvs province. The 22 soil samples were taken from the forest soil at different altitudes of 1625, 1918, and 2139 meters. The collected soil samples were subjected to analyses for physicochemical properties and geochemical elements. In our study site soil reactions (pH) vary from 6.44-8.44 and showed slightly acidic to the alkaline condition and soil texture is loam with 40.9-68.7 % sand, 9.6-21.8 % clay, and 20.9-37.3 % silt, EC, available phosphorous, and available potassium ranged from 0.026-0.107 dS cm-1, 0.85-2.42 mg 100-1, 6.1-30.1 mg 100-1 respectively. There is not much difference in the amount of sand, silt, clay, and electrical conductivity depending on the height. According to the results of the study, the amount of soil carbonate and mobile potassium increased depending on the altitude, while the amount of humus and mobile phosphorus decreased. The correlation analysis among the different soil parameters showed soil organic matter was positively correlated with soil pH and available potassium. The heavy metal content of the soil is relatively low and does not contain any type of technogenic pollution, within permissible levels of Mongolian standards. This baseline information on soil parameters in different altitudes may help in forest study
Бэлчээрийн даац, малын тоо, төрлөөр, аймгуудын хадлангийн ургацын хэмжээ (ц/га), өвөлжөө, хаваржаа, зуслан, намаржааны байршил, нүүдэл, Ус цаг уур орчны шинжилгээний газрын бэлчээрийн мониторингийн 63 цэгийн тоо, хамрах хадлан, судалгааны багийн 480 цэгийн фотомониторингийн цэгийн бичиглэл түүнд тулгуурласан бэлчээрийн төлөв байдал, доройтлын зэрэг, даацын тоон мэдээлэл гаргав.
By involving Specially protected areas, their environmental zones, and ecologically linked areas which were selected to determine the main criteria for evaluating the results of sustainable pasture management, we conducted a research work of collecting the basic information or database for sustainable pasture management in 4 provinces’ 10 soums. This article presents the typology of the grasslands Khar-us Nuur National park in Buyant soum of Khovd province. We followed the methodology specified in this order to calculate the carrying capacity of each type of pasture. The grazing capacity of each soum was calculated based on our field research materials according to the natural zoning and the results of the 2022 photo-monitoring report of soum. 100276.2 hectares or 53.46% of the territory of Buyant soum Khovd province is desert steppe, 50327.72 hectares or 26.83% is desert-like steppe, 36958.81 hectares or 19.70% belongs to dry steppe zone, it has 187562.7 hectares of pasture land, 53421 or 109325 thousand head of sheep, vegetation cover is 42.74%.
By involving Specially protected areas, their environmental zones, and ecologically linked areas which were selected to determine the main criteria for evaluating the results of sustainable pasture management, we conducted a research work of collecting the basic information or database for sustainable pasture management in 4 provinces’ 10 soums. This article presents the typology of the grasslands Khar-us Nuur National park in Buyant soum of Khovd province. We followed the methodology specified in this order to calculate the carrying capacity of each type of pasture. The grazing capacity of each soum was calculated based on our field research materials according to the natural zoning and the results of the 2022 photo-monitoring report of soum. 100276.2 hectares or 53.46% of the territory of Buyant soum Khovd province is desert steppe, 50327.72 hectares or 26.83% is desert-like steppe, 36958.81 hectares or 19.70% belongs to dry steppe zone, it has 187562.7 hectares of pasture land, 53421 or 109325 thousand head of sheep, vegetation cover is 42.74%.
Мянган Угалзатын нуруунаас Алтайн цаад говь болох Зүүн гарын говийн хөрсний хэв шинж, тэдгээрийн өнөөгийн төлөв байдал
Говийн их дархан цаазат газрын Б хэсгийн хөрсөн бүрхэвч, хөрсний шинж чанарын талаарх судалгааны ажил
ХАА-н газрын хөрсний чанарын үнэлгээнд Storie Index Rating (SIR) аргыг ашигласан тухай
West Mongolia Buyant river delta area soil properties change study was done in 2015, comparing previous research data of Russian investigation of 1930. Depending on several significant reasons such as low precipitation, seasonal temperature difference, strong wind and fewer days of plant growing require great effort for the for soil cultivation and livestock husbandry. The fertility of the soil in the river valley was still economically beneficial for the Western region. A total of 50 samples were collected from 14 sites in delta of Buyant river. The collected soil samples were subjected to analyses for physical-chemical properties such as soil texture, pH and EC, soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium. Laboratory analysis performed in Mongolia`s authorized laboratories in accordance with the standard methods. Content of organic matter in soil decreased by 51% in the last 85 years, salinization increased by 11%, and silt and clay contents are decreased while sand content is increased about mechanical composition. As a result of global warmth, dryness, and land use, soil properties changed drastically.
