Бидний тухай
Багш ажилтан
Манж, хятад хоёр хэлээр хавсарсан “Сонгож орчуулсан Ляожай жы и бичиг” -ийн нэгэн эхийн тухай" MUNKH-UCHRAL, Enkhtur Department of Mongolian Language and Linguistics, National University of Mongolia SOYOL, Lundegjantsan Department of Asian Studies, National University of Mongolia, Mongolia Чин улсын үеийн манж судлаач Бугиргэн Жагдан хятадын сонгодог бүтээлүүдийн нэг, дундад зууны үеийн нэрт зохиолч Пү Сунлингийн зохиол “Ляожай жы и бичиг буюу Ляожайгийн хачирхалтай тэмдэглэл”-ийг манж хэлнээ орчуулж Төр Гэрэлтийн 28 дугаар онд (1848) хэвлүүлэн гаргасан байдаг. Тэрээр “Ляожай жы и бичиг”-ээс нийт 126 сэдвийг сонгон орчуулж 24 дэвтэр болгон эмхлэн гаргахад нэгэн насны амьдралаа зориулсан ажээ. Тус бүтээлийн нэг хувь, зургаан дэвтрийг Гандантэгчинлэн хийдийн хамба лам агсан Н. Эрдэнэпил өөрийн цуглуулгын санд хадгалж байснаа нэрт эрдэмтэн, академич Ш. Лувсанванданд бэлэглэсэн байсныг хожим түүний охин хятад судлаач, доктор, профессор Л. Маналжавт өгсөн нь бидэнд уламжлан ирсэн юм. Манай судалгаа уг зургаан дэвтрийн сэдвүүд дэх манж, хятад хоёр хэлний орчуулгын хэв маяг, үгийн сан, хэл найруулгын онцлог, өнгө аясыг харгуулан үзэх зорилготой. Тиймээс судалгаа маань “Сонгож орчуулсан Ляожай жы и бичиг” -ийн орчуулгад хэлшинжлэл, утга зохиол, соёлын орчуулгын онолын үүднээс ажиглалт хийн, эх зохиол болон манж орчуулгыг харьцуулан тус бүтээлийн манж судлалын салбар дахь хэлшинжлэл, утга зохиол, соёл судлалын ач холбогдол, үнэ цэнийг нээн харуулах юм. Ингэснээр манж судлаач Бугиргэн Жагдангийн орчуулгын арга барил, онцлогоор дамжуулан “Ляожай жы и бичиг”-ийн нэгэн хувилбарыг манж судлалын сурвалж бичгийн судалгааны эргэлтэд оруулах нэгэн алхам болох байх хэмээн найдаж байна.
This study examines the relationship between spoken Japanese and Japanese subtitles, Chinese subtitles in the animated film Spirited Away. Subtitling, as a form of audiovisual translation, operates under time and space constraints that necessitate the selection, compression, and restructuring of linguistic information. While previous research has focused primarily on cross-linguistic subtitling (e.g., Japanese-to-English), the analysis of same-language subtitles remains largely unexplored. Five key scenes were analyzed: Haku’s advice to Chihiro, her parents’ transformation into pigs, the contract with Yubaba, the introduction of No-Face, and Chihiro beginning her work at the bathhouse. Comparative analysis of spoken lines and corresponding subtitles revealed consistent patterns: (1) the core meaning of utterances is preserved, (2) redundant, emotional, or pragmatic expressions are frequently omitted, and (3) subtitles are optimized to facilitate viewer comprehension, relying on visual and vocal cues to supplement omitted information. The findings demonstrate that Japanese subtitles function not merely as verbatim transcriptions but as a form of meaning-oriented linguistic reconstruction. This study contributes a novel perspective to subtitling research by highlighting the process of meaning optimization in same-language subtitles and its implications for audiovisual translation theory. Future research may expand this analysis across additional scenes or works, incorporate quantitative metrics, or investigate the effect of subtitles on viewer understanding and emotional perception.
Abstract This study investigates the transcription of Chinese provincial and major city names into Mongolian, focusing on inconsistencies in current usage despite the existence of an official transcription guideline issued in 2016. The research examines two primary data sources: (1) commonly used Mongolian news websites and (2) written responses from Mongolian learners of Chinese with at least two years of study experience. Although the official guideline is based on adapting Pinyin into Mongolian phonological and orthographic systems, findings reveal substantial and systematic variation in transcription practices across both media and individual users. While a limited number of place names show signs of stabilization, most continue to appear in multiple orthographic variants. Notably, all participants reported being aware of the official transcription guidelines; however, this aware ness does not correspond to consistent application in practice. The analysis identifies recurring patterns of phonological confusion, including the misrepresentation of nasal distinctions, affricates, and vowel correspond ences. These issues do not stem from the absence of such categories in Mon golian, but rather from differences in their phonetic realization and distribution across the two languages. In particular, the frequent confusion between the al veolar nasal /n/ and the velar nasal /ŋ/ suggests limited phonetic awareness among users, especially in distinguishing place of articulation in transcription. Despite the guideline being introduced a decade ago, the expected standardization has not been achieved. The study argues that effective standardization requires not only formal guidelines but also systematic integration into language education and increased attention to phonological adaptation.
Abstract This paper examines the impact of urbanization on health education through a case study of a dietary improvement initiative in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, in-spired by family gardening models in Japan and Western countries. The pro-ject aimed to enhance the nutritional status of the urban poor by promoting vegetable gardening in the Ger districts of Ulaanbaatar, where traditional diets were predominantly based on animal products. The initiative ran from 2016 to 2019 and provided seeds and technical guidance for vegetable cultivation. Surveys conducted over three years revealed that vegetable production was more successful among middle-income households than low-income ones, with the latter facing barriers such as insufficient water access, limited gar-dening knowledge, and a lack of motivation. The findings indicate that while the project succeeded in encouraging vegetable consumption among middle-income residents, it struggled to sustain participation in lower-income house-holds. This research underscores the challenges of implementing Western-style urban gardening projects in Mongolia and highlights the need for a more integrated approach that combines nutritional initiatives with income-enhanc-ing strategies for the urban poor.
This study explores the perception of translation competence among translators and foreign language teachers in Mongolia. It is done by providing empirical evidence for the translation competence model and intercultural competence model. 260 participants completed questionnaires and translated two texts in direct and inverse translation. Results suggest that translators and teachers view translation as a dynamic rather than a static concept. Differences in the acceptability average were observed between direct and inverse translations. The study also reveals insufficiencies in the strategic sub-competence, which compensates for other insufficient sub-competences. The research does not conclusively support the interrelated and hierarchal nature of translation sub-competences proposed by PACTE.
Судалгааны зорилго ЕБС-ийн шилдэг сургууль шалгаруулах үзүүлэлтийг боловсруулахад оршино. Судалгаанд сургуулийн удирдлага, захиргааны менежмент, хичээл хөгжүүлэлт, багшийн заах арга зүй, мэргэжил дээшлүүлэлт, сурагчийн сурах үйл явц, хөрөнгийн захиран зарцуулалт гэсэн 7 үзүүлэлт бүхий асуумж боловсруулан Улаанбаатар хотын 127 сургуулийн 314 захирал, менежер, нийгмийн ажилтан, багшаас асуумж авсан. Цуглуулсан өгөгдөл дээр статистикийн дотоод бүтцийн хамаарал, тайлбар дүн шинжилгээ хийсэн болно. Үр дүнг үндэслэн асуумжийн дотоод бүтцийн хамаарал сайн болсон, уг үзүүлэлтийг Монголын ерөнхий боловсролын салбарт хэрэгжүүлэх боломжтой гэж дүгнэв.
Чөлөөт болон байгууллагын харьяат орчуулагч аль аль нь зах зээл дээр ажиллаж байхын тулд компьютерт суурилсан орчуулгын санах ой, хэвлэлийн программууд, интернет болон төрөл бүрийн онлайн, оффлайн электрон эх сурвалжийг ашиглах ёстой болж байна (Kiraly 2000: 123). Өөрөөр хэлбэл, орчуулагч гэддэг хэл шинжлэлийн мэргэжилтнээс соёл, техник технологитой салшгүй холбоотой болжээ. Тиймээс, өнөөдөр энэ мэргэжлийн тодорхойлолтод хамгийн тохирох нэр бол "хэлний үйлчилгээ үзүүлэгч" (language service provider) гэж үзэж байна (Pym 2003: 491). Тус илтгэл нь: 1. Компьютерын техник хангамж ашиглах чадамж 2. Орчуулгын үйлчилгээ үзүүлэх чадамж 3. Компьютерын программ хангамж ашиглах чадамж 4. Орчуулгад технологи ашиглахын давуу ба сул тал, цаашдын хөгжлийн чиг хандлага гэсэн үндсэн хэсэгтэй. Мэргэжлийн орчуулагчид - Бичвэр боловсруулагч - Төрөл бүрийн файлтай ажиллах - Зөв бичих дүрмийн алдаа шалгуур - Хэл зүйн алдаа шалгуур - Өгөгдөл олж авах хэрэгсэл - Хөмрөг, түүнийг задлан шинжлэх - Хадмал орчуулгын программ - Ярианы технологи - Орчуулгын санах ой - Нэр томьёоны менежмент - Машин орчуулга - Хэлмэрчлэхүйн технологи гэсэн чиглэлийн программ хангамжийг ашиглаж бүтээмжээ нэмэгдүүлж, цагаа хэмнэж, сургалт судалгаанд ашиглаж байгааг хамгийн олон хэрэглэгчтэй, өндөр үнэлгээтэй программ хангамжуудын жишээгээр авч үзсэн болно.
Due to the blows like internationalization and the declining birth rate, the higher education market in Taiwan has faced an escalation. Accordingly, the domestic universities and institutes have been focusing on international student enrollment policy to settle the issue of not achieving the target enrollment for new students. Thus, the internationalization of higher education encounters a challenge to identify whether the Taiwan universities and institutes can enroll international students by using various ways and provide the international students, who are interested in enrollment in Taiwan universities, with the comprehensive concept and understanding of Taiwan education system and the educational attributes. The internationalization of higher education in Taiwan has been expanding year by year, and the number of international students in Taiwan has reached 127 000, of which 1600 were Mongolian students as of 2018. In connection with the continuous increase in the number of international students, the researches on international students have also become significant. However, the research on Mongolian students studying in Taiwan is relatively few. We have studied the factors, which influence Mongolian students’ choice in studying in Taiwan, besides studying how they adjust to their new life when they first study abroad. In our research, we have used the qualitative research method as the main research method and the methods like a case study and focus group interview in a detailed manner. We have chosen 24 samples from the Mongolian students, who were attending undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate programs in Taiwan in 2019. We carried out the research in the scope of the below-mentioned four objectives: to identify the factors that influenced Mongolian students to choose Taiwan; to identify which channels and possibilities they have used in their enrollment in Taiwan universities; to learn how Mongolian students adapt to their new lives in Taiwan; to suggest substantial recommendations for universities and educational institutes that are interested in enrolling students from Mongolia as international students.
A Quantitative Research on School Leadership and General Administration in Mongolian Primary and Secondary Schools
