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Багш ажилтан
This study delves into the role of mass media in shaping and perpetuating gender roles and stereotypes within society, with a specific focus on the representation of women. Through an examination of the main Mongolian periodicals, "Unuudur" and "Odriin Sonin," spanning the years 2013 to 2023, the research employs a sampling method to analyze the portrayal of women in these publications. Findings reveal that media outlets play a significant role in shaping societal perceptions of women, necessitating a critical evaluation of their editorial policies regarding gender representation. Notably, the study identifies a predominant portrayal of female professionals aged 36 to 55 in Mongolian daily newspapers. However, it also highlights a tendency to present women in a passive light, devoid of agency and voice. This research underscores the importance of media organizations adopting a more nuanced and inclusive approach to representing women, thereby challenging entrenched gender norms and fostering greater gender equality within society.
Монгол Улс нь Үндсэн хуульдаа үг хэлэх, үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх хүний үндсэн эрхийг баталгаажуулсан, өөрийн зохицуулалт бүхий хэвлэл мэдээллийн эрх зүйн цогц системтэй оронюм. Уг өгүүлэлдМонголын хэвлэл мэдээллийн эрх зүйн зохицуулалтын өнөөгийн загвар, нөхцөлбайдлыг сэтгүүл зүй, олон нийтийн харилцааны онол, хандлагуудад тулгуурлан задлан шинжилсэн. Мөн Хэвлэл мэдээллийн эрх чөлөөний тухай хууль (1998) болон түүний шинэчилсэн найруулгын төсөл (2025 оны 1 дүгээр сар)-ийн үзэл баримтлалуудыг харьцуулсан. Тус хуулийг шинэчилснээр Монголын хэвлэл мэдээллийн эрх зүйн өнөөгийн үзэл баримтлал, зарчимд гарах өөрчлөлтүүдийг тоймолсон болно.
This study synthesizes findings from six independent studies to examine how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is reshaping professional journalism. While the intersection of journalism and technology has attracted growing scholarly attention, research remains limited in addressing GAI's implications for professional legitimacy, boundary work, and ethical accountability within newsrooms. This article pursues three primary objectives: to identify practical applications of GAI tools in newsroom settings; to investigate how journalists define and defend their professional identity amid rapid GAI development; and to determine the ethical frameworks, responsible use standards, and institutional conditions governing GAI adoption in journalistic practice. The findings reveal that GAI tools are increasingly integrated into newsroom workflows, yet their adoption is accompanied by significant professional tensions. Journalists actively engage in boundary work to distinguish their expertise from automated processes, asserting the irreplaceable value of human judgment, source relationships, and ethical reasoning. At the institutional level, the study identifies a gap between the pace of GAI deployment and the development of coherent editorial policies and accountability structures. This synthesis contributes to emerging scholarly discourse on AI and journalism by highlighting the need for robust professional guidelines, transparent ethical standards, and institutional frameworks that support responsible GAI use. The study underscores that the future of journalism in the age of generative AI depends not only on technological adaptation but on the deliberate preservation of professional values and public trust.
This study presents a comparative analysis of travel television programs in Mongolia and China, examining their thematic content, production styles, and audience perceptions. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines content analysis of selected programs—1000 Cities I Travelled (Mongolia) and Welcome–Hello Russia (China)—with survey data collected from 491 viewers in both countries. The findings reveal that Chinese travel programs, supported by state funding and advanced technology, tend to prioritize visual appeal and national image-building, often operating under ideological constraints. In contrast, Mongolian travel programs emphasize content and editorial freedom but are limited by financial and technical resources. Audience feedback in both countries indicates a shared desire for more authentic, culturally rich, and less commercialized travel content. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on travel journalism, media representation, and cross-cultural communication by highlighting how structural, cultural, and political factors shape the production and reception of travel media in Northeast Asia.
The emergence of the teaching approach known as collaborative online international learning (COIL) has gained prominence during the past several years, especially since most classrooms globally have adapt- ed to technological changes necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The philosophy that under- pins the COIL paradigm is straightforward: Univer- sity students are better off for learning international and intercultural perspectives, and classroom innova- tions now afford learners the opportunity to engage with peers across borders and around the globe. As journalism professors, we were compelled by COIL’s focus not only on learning outcomes, but also process- es that stressed creativity, collaboration, and commu- nication. As a team, we were already working together on mass communication research focused on newspa- per coverage of air pollution issues in Mongolia and the United States.
This study is focused on environmental news coverage in two national jurisdictions: Mongolia and the United States. In Mongolia, it looks to coverage in two major newspapers, Unuudur (Today) and Udriin Sonin (Daily News). In the United States, it examines coverage from a major newspaper in the West, the Seattle Times, and a national newspaper in the New York Times. A content analysis is provided to assess coverage in these two distinct places. Air pollution remains a pressing human health issue globally. The impacts of localized air pollution and excessive, airborne particulate matter presents short-term impacts for individuals and communities, including conditions such as asthma and other respiratory conditions. Yet it also presents longer-term concerns as well. In some parts of Asia, rapid industrialization over the past half-century has led to deteriorating air quality in some urban areas. Resources-rich nations such as the United States and Russia continue to deal with pollution arising from refineries in the petroleum industry and beehive burners in the forestry sector. And fast-growing global cities such as Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia rank among the World Health Organization’s list of most-polluted cities as a result of emissions from industrial sources but also automobile traffic. Finally, natural events such as wildfires and sandstorms contribute to especially hazardous air conditions. The news media play an important role in both documenting the hazards of this problem in cities and regions around the world, but also in terms of advocating for, or amplifying, the public health messaging from government agencies and NGOs.
The initiative was built around three core learning objectives: curricular innovation and interactivity, global citizenship development, and the cultivation of marketable professional skills. Students engaged in joint assignments including a visual storytelling project using Google Earth, covering sites such as the Gobi Desert and Gorkhi-Terelj National Park in Mongolia alongside Glacier National Park and Joshua Tree in the United States as well as collaborative feature story writing on shared environmental concerns such as air pollution, wildlife conservation, energy policy, and waste management.
This article presents a comprehensive study of the legal environment of journalism in Mongolia from the perspective of legislation and media self-regulation. During this research, more than 890 active laws of Mongolia were examined, and a content analysis of 115 media-related laws was conducted by the authors. In addition, the authors carried out and analyzed a sociological survey among 110 Mongolian journalists regarding how they approach ethical issues at the editorial level. The article also reviews the editorial ethics codes of 80 Mongolian media outlets. Furthermore, around 480 public complaints received by the Media Council, Mongolia’s media self-regulatory organization, between 2015 and 2022 were analyzed.
This article explores the early intellectual roots of press freedom in Mongolia by analyzing Ulsyn Erkh (The Power of the State), a 1914 treatise by Jamsrangiin Tseveen-one of Mongolia’s earliest public intellectuals and legal thinkers. Through qualitative documentary analysis, the study identifies core liberal principles embedded in Tseveen’s work, including the rights to free speech, publication, and public discourse. The findings reveal that these ideas anticipated Mongolia’s later constitutional guarantees of press freedom and challenge the dominant narrative that such concepts were only introduced after the 1990 democratic revolution. The research situates Tseveen’s text within the broader context of early 20th-century Mongolian political awakening and national sov- ereignty, highlighting the development of an indigenous legal consciousness. By revisiting this foundational work, the study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the historical development of press freedom in Mongolia and affirms the enduring relevance of Tseveen’s ideas in contemporary legal and journalistic discourse
Энэхүү илтгэлд Монголын сэтгүүл зүйн салбар дахь жендэрийн бодлого хэрхэн зохицуулагдаж буй, ямар сорилтууд тулгарч буйг Хэвлэл мэдээллийн эрх чөлөөний тухай хууль (1998), Жендэрийн эрх тэгш байдлыг хангах тухай хууль (2011), Жендэрийн эрх тэгш байдлыг хангах салбар дундын стратеги төлөвлөгөө (2021-2031) болон бусад холбогдох эрх зүйн баритм бичгүүдтэй холбон авч үзсэн. Ингэхдээ сэтгүүл зүйн салбарын жендэрийн бодлого редакцуудын ёс зүйн дүрэм журмуудад хэрхэн тусгагдсан, ямар төсөл хөтөлбөрүүд хэрэгжсэн, ямар сорилтууд тулгарсан тухай тодорхой шалгууруудад үндэслэн шинжилсэн.
This study delves into the role of mass media in shaping and perpetuating gender roles and stereotypes within society, with a specific focus on the representation of women. Through an examination of the main Mongolian periodicals, "Unuudur" and "Odriin Sonin," spanning the years 2013 to 2023, the research employs a sampling method to analyze the portrayal of women in these publications. Findings reveal that media outlets play a significant role in shaping societal perceptions of women, necessitating a critical evaluation of their editorial policies regarding gender representation. Notably, the study identifies a predominant portrayal of female professionals aged 36 to 55 in Mongolian daily newspapers. However, it also highlights a tendency to present women in a passive light, devoid of agency and voice. This research underscores the importance of media organizations adopting a more nuanced and inclusive approach to representing women, thereby challenging entrenched gender norms and fostering greater gender equality within society.
Информация и средства её распространения обретают всё большее значение в современном мире. Поскольку конечный информационный продукт способен влиять на общественно-политические процессы, политические силы, склонные к авторитаризму, стремятся к монополизации медиапространства, используя для этого нормативно-правовую базу и экономические ресурсы. На международном уровне, по большей части в западноевропейской части, законодательный подход к СМИ отвечает демократическим стандартам общества и его политико-экономическим интересам. Нормативно-правовая база синхронизирована с цифровизацией, технологическим развитием медиа и публичными коммуникациями, в отличие от стран с нестабильной экономикой и перенимающих как технологии, так и нормативные новации. Исследование законодательной базы, лежащей в основе формирования медиапространства и коммуникационной системы Монголии, демонстрирует ряд ошибок и откатов назад в развитии свободы прессы и национальной журналистики. Авторы статьи актуализируют вопросы независимой профессиональной журналистской деятельности и необходимости грамотного информирования общественности, открытости государственных институтов и прозрачности их работы. Приводятся примеры нарушения прав журналистов и давления на коммерческие средства массовой информации, что сказывается на качестве медиапространства, экономических интересах владельцев и правах граждан.
Abstract This article summarized the current situation of media regulation in Mongolia. The issues of the legal environment of Mongolian media and the down of indicators of freedom of the press have been identified and their causes have been analyzed. Also, some cases decided by the court related to the mass media were analyzed as examples.
Энэхүү хурлын зорилго нь Монголын хэвлэл мэдээллийн салбарын өнөөгийн байдал, ололт, дутагдал, хөгжлийн чиг хандлагын талаар салбарын судлаачид судалгаа, санал бодлоо солилцож, сэтгүүл зүйн салбарт тулгарч буй сорилт, шинэ боломж, сэтгүүл зүйн боловсролын өнөөгийн байдалд үнэлэлт дүгнэлт өгч, олон нийтэд түгээн дэлгэрүүлэх, салбарын судлаачдын хамтын ажиллагааг өргөжүүлэхэд оршино.
Хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөө, үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх эрх гэсэн хоёр ойлголт ихэр мэт хэрэглэгдэх болсоор хоёр зуунтай золгожээ. Хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөөг хэвлэл мэдээллийн хэрэгслийн ажилтан, сэтгүүлчидтэй хамаатай гэхээс илүү хүний үндсэн эрхийн тухай асуудал, ардчиллын амин чухал үзүүлэлт гэж үзэх болсон. Сэтгүүлчид олон нийтийн эрх ашгийг хамгаалдаг учраас “тэдний” хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөөг хамгаалах нь зайлшгүй хэмээх нь хэт ерөнхий тайлбар юм. Ялангуяа дэлхий нийтээр хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөө, үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх эрх эрсдэлтэй нөхцөл байдалтай тулгарсан энэ цагт яагаад үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх эрх, хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөө хос морь шиг ижилсэж байдаг, түүний цаад зүй тогтол юу болохыг танин мэдэх нь чухал боллоо. Интернэт сүлжээ, онлайн талбар дахь олон нийтийн үзэл бодлын орон зай улам хүч нөлөөтэй болж буй, энэ нь нэг улс орноор тогтохгүй бүс нутаг, дэлхийн улс төр, нийгэм, эдийн засгийн тогтвортой байдалд нөлөөлж буй нь засгийн газруудыг үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх эрх чөлөөний эсрэг хатуу арга хэмжээ авах шалтаг, шалтгаан болсон. Өнөөдөр ардчилал, хүний эрх, хүмүүнлэг нийгмийн үзэл санаа дэлхий даяар түгсэн ч хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөө эрсдэлтэй, эмзэг нөхцөлд байна. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд хэвлэлийн эрх чөлөө гэсэн ойлголтод юу багтах, үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлэх эрхтэй ямар харилцан хамааралтайг өргөн хүрээнд тайлбарлахыг зорилоо.
Social media has become a common utility to receive information for people across the world. Mongolia has joined mainstream social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram. According to the World population review (2023), Facebook users are estimated to be 2.7 million as of June 2021. This indicates the popularity of social media as a medium tool or an information source for the majority of the population in Mongolia. Here, we attempt to explore how Mongolian youths who are active consumers of social media use the information found in social media. We used secondary data collected by the team of researchers at the National University of Mongolia, and the data were not used for publication of the study. The survey was conducted in the Spring of 2022. Upon examining the data, we decided to share some important findings for determining youth’s information consumption in Mongolia. To understand social media consumption among the youths, we looked at the four main skills for utilizing social media properly: the capability to distinguish social media from other mass media sources es, the capability to check source credibility, the capability to fact-check, and the behavior of utilizing information obtained from social media. We concluded that there is a relationship between gender when using social media and the tendency of more information consumption through social media, be it a mass media sourced information by official mass media pages or friends on social media.
In the field of law and journalism in Mongolia, a common understanding of defamation has been formed, and multilateral position, a database of international regulations is being formed as well. This article aims to present the international experience regulating defamation and to explain the basic conditions of the main legal regulations related to defamation in Mongolia. Also, some cases decided by the court related to defamation were analyzed as examples. The author has explained the reasons for amending or removing Article 13.14 of the Criminal Code, which is the main regulation related to defamation, and proposed to revise the code immediately.
The IAMCR pre-conference theme “digital governance and transcultural communication” provides an opportunity to examine how social and digital media communication transform and transverse policies and practices among Mongolian young people, the “digital have nots” in the global south. Social media have become a major source of information for many Mongolians. The relatively young population of the country is responsive to news and information on platforms like Facebook, which alarmingly accounts for 65-70 percent of online activities according to Global Stats (2019). Over the last couple of decades, Mongolia has dramatically increased digital access for its small population of 3.2 million: the number of users of mobile phones reached 3.8 million, the Internet 2.91 million, and Facebook 2.1 million respectively in 2020. Elites, as well the public, are increasingly fascinated with potentials and affordances of social media with little understanding of “algorithmic ideology” (Woolley & Howard, 2016) and ideological biases on social media.
The IAMCR pre-conference theme “digital governance and transcultural communication” provides an opportunity to examine how social and digital media communication transform and transverse policies and practices among Mongolian young people, the “digital have nots” in the global south. Social media have become a major source of information for many Mongolians. The relatively young population of the country is responsive to news and information on platforms like Facebook, which alarmingly accounts for 65-70 percent of online activities according to Global Stats (2019). Over the last couple of decades, Mongolia has dramatically increased digital access for its small population of 3.2 million: the number of users of mobile phones reached 3.8 million, the Internet 2.91 million, and Facebook 2.1 million respectively in 2020. Elites, as well the public, are increasingly fascinated with potentials and affordances of social media with little understanding of “algorithmic ideology” (Woolley & Howard, 2016) and ideological biases on social media.
Хүний хувийн нууцын тухай ойлголт нь сэтгүүлчийн мэдээлэл олох, боловсруулах, түгээх үйл ажиллагаатай холбоотой. Олон улсад хүний хувийн нууцын зааг хязгаарыг ямар шалгуураар авч үздэг, Монгол улсын хууль эрх зүйн орчинд хэрхэн тусгасан талаар дурдаад, сэтгүүлчийн үйл ажиллагаанд энэхүү ойлголт, шалгуур, хуулийн заалтыг хэрхэн ашиглаж буйг задлан шинжилж, нэгтгэн дүгнэлээ.
Өдөр тутмын цаасан сонины тоо, борлуулалт буурч байгаа ч энэ уналт нь аажмаар үргэлжилж буй. Сонинуудын дижитал хувилбарын борлуулалт, онлайн захиалга ойрын жилүүдэд нэмэгдсэн ч цаасан хэвлэлээ гүйцэхэд хол байна. Медиа зах зээлийн энэхүү өөрчлөлт, сорилтыг давах нэг менежментийн арга нь сонинуудын форматын өөрчлөлтийн асуудал юм.
"Өдрийн сонин"-ы сэтгүүлч Э.Хүрэлбаатарын "Зүүн гурван аймгийн хуульгүй ардууд зээрийн сүргээ хүйс тэмтрээд дуусаж байна" цуврал нийтлэлийг задлан шинжилж, сэтгүүлчийн ур чадварыг үнэлэхийг зорилоо. Уг бүтээл нь оны шилдэг сэтгүүл зүйн бүтээлд олгодог "Балдорж" шагнал хүртсэн юм.
Монголын ОНМХ-үүд, нийгмийн сүлжээ орчинд контент маркетингийн олон хэлбэр хөгжиж, реклам, PR-ын салбарт орон зайгаа хэдийнэ эзэлжээ. Энэ чиглэлд илүү анхаарч, сурталчилгааны бодлогодоо тусгасан зарим компанийн жишээг доор сийрүүлье. Ингэхдээ үндэсний үйлдвэрлэгч “Сүү” болон “АПУ” компанийн сүү, сүүн бүтээгдэхүүнээ сурталчилж буй контент маркетингийг харьцуулж үзлээ.
